Those people who cannot afford standard and comfortable life due to the lack of money are considered poor people. Characteristics of poor people cannot be defined by observing only a single person but it needs to be taken as average by taking the whole poverty group. Let’s dive deep into the features of people who are facing poverty.
People who are not able to ruin their basic needs are called poor. The characteristics of poverty are as follows:
1. Low-income level
The income level of poor living both in rural and urban areas is very low. The latest survey about the income level of developing countries Standard Survey, which was carried out by the ‘Central Bureau of Statistics in 2010/11. According to this survey, the income of 49% of households is inadequate to fulfill their daily needs. The consumption of the majority of the poor exceeds their income. The average income of rural people is far less than the average income of urban dwellers.
2. Occupation
The main occupation of the poor is agriculture in rural and labor in urban areas. The majority of the poor are engaged in agriculture. Economically active poor are employed as farm laborers in the city area due to the high population and employment opportunities. In the urban areas, about 25 percent of the poor are engaged as general laborers, and another 25 percent are working as very low-ranked job holders and small traders. The daily life of such people runs through daily investment in food and requirements. It is much more difficult for them to check up with doctors and they are also deprived of education.
3. Household composition
The family size of the poor is greater than the non-poor both in rural and urban areas. There are more children in rural poor households than in urban poor households. Moreover, there is a tendency for more children per household in the Terai than in the hills. Such people as deprived of education have not enough to control the population by using population control measures.
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4. Education
The majority of household members of poor families are illiterate both in rural and urban areas. High illiteracy is due to poverty and Ignorance. The literacy rate of poor families is far less than the national average. In developing countries, this problem is the most disturbing problem in the whole country. Although education is very cheap in civil schools to run daily life children also have to work leaving their education.
5. Expenditure pattern
The poor spend almost all their income consumption. They spend more than 75 percent of their income consumption on food. Food, clothes and home is the primary goal of any poor people in such countries. It is true both in rural and urban areas Of developing countries like Nepal, Bangladesh, etc. Low income means low expenditure on both food and non-food item. Such low expenditure on food items leads to malnutrition and which results in a high mortality rate.
6. Status of the poor in society
The status of the poor in the society is very low Most of the poor are illiterate and lower caste groups. They have no access or less access to publicly provided goods and services. They play little role in politics. In developing countries like Nepal, Bangladesh, etc poverty is correlated with race and ethnic background. Poor people
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7. Housing
The majority of the poor have very bad housing conditions. Due to the large family size and bad housing, there is always crowding. In the case of the rural poor, all family members have to live in a small mud hut with limited space. The same room is used for cooking, dining living, and even for sleeping by all family members. In the urban areas also housing condition of the poor is similar to their rural counterparts or worse. These houses were only made to save people from hot, cold, and water. These houses do not have a good appearance, or decoration, and are not fully technologically fitted.
8. The place to live
The extent of poverty is very great in rural areas. The problem of malnutrition, illiteracy, low life expectancy, etc. is severe in rural areas. Most of the poor are located in regions, where are able to land is scarce, agricultural productivity is low, and drought, floods, and environmental degradation are common. Poor live in regions, where there are no employment opportunities, transport facilities, market centers, schools, and colleges. Likewise, the urban poor lives in the slums. They have to face the problems of overcrowding, bad sanitation, and contaminated water.
These are the total 8 characteristics of poverty and the features of people who are living in poverty. People living in poverty are deprived of nutritious food, and quality education and don’t have some set of skills to uplift themselves. Government and some social organizations must focus to provide education and nutritious food to the children of these people so children in the future can uplift their status. I want to hear your comment on this topic, comment down.
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